Sudan—United Nations Mission in Sudan (UNMIS)

INGO

Justification for SCS: UNMIS is the primary UN liaison in Sudan, and it is the UN body through which all other UN authorities operate in Sudan. UNMIS’ mandate is extensive, but the most recent extension of UNMIS’ mandate (in October of 2007 until April 2008 with an intention to extend it further) lists several key areas of UNMIS involvement: monitoring and verification in the Abyei region, support of national Disarmament, Demobilization and Reintegration, and guidance and technical assistance in advance of elections scheduled for 2009. All of these issues are intrinsically related to the future of the Government of Sudan.

Stakeholder size ( number of people): UNMIS, as of November 2007, was staffed by: 10,051 total uniformed personnel, including 8,803 troops, 596 military observers, and 652 police; these were supported by 865 international civilian personnel, 2,580 local civilian and 257 United Nations volunteers.

Area of Influence:
a. Geographic area: While headquartered in Khartoum, UNMIS had authority throughout the country consistent with its mandate.
b. Population subsets: N/A
4. Description of Organization
a. Who are the leaders? The Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the Head of Mission is Ashraf Jehangir Qazi; the Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General is Taye-Brook Zerihoun; the Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General and the UN Resident Coordinator and Humanitarian Coordinator in Sudan is Ameerah Haq; the Force Commander is Lt. Gen. Jasbir Singh Lidder; and the Police Commissioner is Kai Vittrup.
b. How does one gain influence in the group? Special Representatives of the Secretary-General are appointed by the Secretary-General.
c. What issues do they care about? UNMIS is concerned with implementing the tenets of its mandate, which, in addition to ensuring and supporting the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005, also means ensuring the N’djamena Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement, the Darfur Peace Agreement, and the Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement.
d. What does the organizational structure look like? The organization is hierarchical with each of the above leaders responsible for an element of the mission. However, the mandate is determined by the UN Security Council, and provides the guiding framework in which UNMIS operates.
i. Rule by consensus
ii. Oligarchy
iii. Dictatorship
iv. Theocracy
v. Etc.

Financial Resources (if applicable): $887.33 million (see below)
a. List activities that generate cash flow: UNMIS does not conduct activities that generate revenue. Rather, the funding for UNMIS comes directly from the UN.
b. Income from activities: N/A
c. Profitability: N/A.

Military Resources (if applicable):
a. What arms do they possess:
i. What type? Type of arms varies with the particular type of unit deployed and the country from which that unit has been deployed. Accordingly, the exact mature of military armaments is unknown.
ii. How much? Unknown, as per pervious.
b. Experience level: The experience level varies as UNMIS troops have been contributed from 68 different countries.

Provide a short history of the stakeholder group
a. What is their origin? UNMIS was initially deployed in the wake of the signing of the 2005 Comprehensive Peace Agreement between the north and the south. It was initially deployed as a Chapter VI mission designed to monitor the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement and ensure that parties adhered to the tenets of the agreement.
b. How have they changed?
i. Interests: UNMIS’ interests have expanded to include monitoring the implementation of the N’djamena Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement, the Darfur Peace Agreement, and the Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement.
ii. Level of influence: UNMIS has no direct power to influence the Government of National Unity, but it is able to convey the sentiment of the international community and thereby compel particular actions.
iii. Resources: UNMIS has evolved from a Chapter VI mandate to a Chapter VII mandate, and as such has adjusted its military apparatus accordingly.
iv. etc
c. What are their future goals? UNMIS is concerned with implementing the tenets of its mandate, which, in addition to ensuring and supporting the implementation of the Comprehensive Peace Agreement of 2005, also means ensuring the N’djamena Humanitarian Ceasefire Agreement, the Darfur Peace Agreement, and the Eastern Sudan Peace Agreement.