Sudan—United Nations/African Union Hybrid Operation in Darfur (UNAMID)

INGO

Justification for SCS: Given that one of the primary directives of the UNAMID force is to ensure the implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement, and that there are continuing clashes between the rebels supported by the Government of Chad and the Janjaweed militia supported by the Sudanese Armed Forces, UNAMID’s role is a dynamic element in ensuring the future of the Darfur region, and Sudan as a whole.

Stakeholder size (number of people): UNAMID, as of the end of 2007, was staffed by: 9,065 total uniformed personnel, including 6,880 troops, 645 staff officers and military observers, 1,400 police officers, and one 140-strong formed police unit, supported by 285 international civilian personnel and 552 local civilian staff and 63 United Nations Volunteers

Area of Influence:
a. Geographic area: UNAMID is confined to the Darfur region of Sudan. While UNAMID maintains mission headquarters in El Fasher, it also has sector headquarters in Nyala and in El Geneina, as well as a sub-sector headquarters in Zalingei.
b. Population subsets: N/A

Description of Organization
a. Who are the leaders? The Joint AU-UN Special Representative is Rodolphe Adada, the Deputy Joint AU-UN Special Representative is Henry Anyidoho, the Force Commander is General Martin Luther Agwai, and the Police Commissioner is Michael J. Fryer
b. How does one gain influence in the group? The leadership formation is a mixture of holdovers from the African Union Mission in Sudan and appointments from the UN Secretary General. The Joint AU-UN Special Representative and the Force Commander maintain their same roles in the transition from AMIS to UNAMID. The Deputy Joint AU-UN Special Representative and the Police Commissioner are appointed by the UN Secretary General.
c. What issues do they care about? UNAMID is concerned with several issues: humanitarian assistance throughout Darfur; protection of civilian population; monitoring compliance with peace agreements and assisting with the implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement, and to monitor security at Sudan’s borders with Chad and the Central African Republic.
d. What does the organizational structure look like? The organization is hierarchical with each of the above leaders responsible for an element of the mission. However, the mandate is determined by the UN Security Council, and provides the guiding framework in which UNMIS operates.
i. Rule by consensus
ii. Oligarchy
iii. Dictatorship
iv. Theocracy
v. Etc.

Financial Resources (if applicable): $1.28 billion (see below)
a. List activities that generate cash flow: UNAMID does not conduct activities that generate revenue. Rather, the funding for UNAMID comes directly from the UN.
b. Income from activities: N/A
c. Profitability: N/A.

Military Resources (if applicable):
a. What arms do they possess:
i. What type? Type of arms varies with the particular type of unit deployed and the country from which that unit has been deployed. Accordingly, the exact mature of military armaments is unknown. Military resources are, however, expected to include as many as 36 armored personnel carriers, but as of yet those have not been deployed.
ii. How much? Unknown, as per pervious.
b. Experience level: The experience level varies as UNAMID troops have been contributed from 7 different countries with expected contributions from 12 more countries.

Provide a short history of the stakeholder group
a. What is their origin? UNAMID is a UN/AU hybrid extension of the African Union Mission in Sudan. UNAMID was formally established at the end of July 2007, and officially began implementing the charge of its mandate December 31, 2007.
b. How have they changed?
i. Interests: UNAMID’s interests have not yet evolved beyond their initial interests (humanitarian assistance throughout Darfur; protection of civilian population; monitoring compliance with peace agreements and assisting with the implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement, and to monitor security at Sudan’s borders with Chad and the Central African Republic) as this mission is only two months into its operational phase.
ii. Level of influence: UNAMID has no direct power to compel the Government of National Unity; however, UNAMID can convey the interests of the UN and the AU, with particular focus on the interests of Sudan’s neighbors, in an attempt to compel Sudanese compliance.
iii. Resources: As resources and assets are still in the process of being deployed to UNAMID there has been no shift as of yet.
iv. etc
c. What are their future goals? UNAMID’s goals are directly tied to its interests: the ability of aid agencies to channel humanitarian assistance throughout Darfur; a civilian population that is able to live freely without threat of violence; complete compliance with peace agreements and full implementation of the Darfur Peace Agreement, and sufficient security along Sudan’s borders with Chad and the Central African Republic.